Wu, Z. Top Crop) yield was reduced 48, 37 and 53% by root, shoot and full competition of E. colona, respectively. Namuco and Piggin (1999) reported that E. colona, which had leaves that extended above the water surface at the start of flooding, matured under flooding depths of 5 and 10 cm. Francescangeli N, Mitidieri A, 1991. Oplismenus daltonii (Parl. Flora of Rhodes. Guala GF, 1995. Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii, Revised ed. Seasonal changes in the germinability of buried seeds of Echinochloa colonum (L.) Link. of ref. (1997). Somalia, Variation in the susceptibility of E. colona biotypes to butachlor and thiobencarb has been observed in the Philippines (International Rice Research Institute, 1986). Centre Regional de Documentation Pedagogique, Nice. 45:18-24; 14 ref. Thailand, Weed Science 48:200-204. Suppression of junglerice (Echinochloa colona (L.) Link) by irrigated rice cultivars in Latin America. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria. 72 (3), 491-493. (1997) reported that rice cultivars differed in their competitiveness against E. colona. Allelopathic effects of seven weed species on pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) under greenhouse conditions. PSBR C16 under dry-seeded rainfed lowland conditions. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. Benin, [Brighton crop protection conference: weed. Gaur HS; Sharma SN, 1998. Rice Journal 59: 1, 8-9. Stanford, USA: Stanford University Press. Weed competition in rice production. Although drought stress resulted in decreased seed production, it is unlikely that it would affect the germination ability of the seeds produced, which is attained relatively early in ontogeny (long before ripening and soon after anthesis). In Rajasthan, India, the seeds are boiled in water and used as a substitute for rice. xvi + 716pp. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh. Kay IR; Brown JD, 1992. Whistler WA, 1995. Control of E. colona by inoculation with its pathogens was investigated in the greenhouse in Japan by Tsukamoto et al. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Distribution and Biology. Madras Agricultural Journal, 75(3-4):147-148, Dhuri AV; Mazagaonkar AR, 1986. van der Laan PA, 1959. Flora of the Bahama Archipelago: 1-1692. It is among the three most serious weeds in jute, groundnuts, rape and vegetables in many countries (Barnes and Chan, 1990). The Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. 448pp. Resistance has been attributed to a difference in herbicide metabolism between resistant and susceptible biotypes related to aryl acylamidase levels and enzymatic activity. Howard RA, 1979. https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysearch.aspx, USDA-NRCS, 2014. Journal of Ecobiology, 18(2):193-195. Ampong-Nyarko K; Datta SK de, 1991. esculenta; Lugo et al., 1998), and castor-bean (Munoz et al., 1988) among others.Fischer et al. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi. Ecological approaches to Indian weeds. and rice in replacement series experiments. Balal MS; Siddiq IA; Maurer EA, eds. Proceedings of an international conference, Brighton, UK, 15-18 November 1999., Volume 1:99-104; 1 ref. Beltsville, Maryland, USA: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory. 70:311-313. Nansei-shoto, & al. Proceedings of the 6th Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference, Indonesia, 1977., Volume 1:161-165, Mew TW; Fabellar NG; Elazegui FA, 1980. Khatua DC, 1982. Iran, Weed Science, 45(1):144-150; 26 ref. Please enter the date on which you consulted the system. Angola, Indian Journal of Agronomy 42:540-543. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 20:141-144. Seed Science and Technology, 18(1):139-146, Rao RDVJP; John VT, 1974. South Australia, Brunel, J.F., Hiepo, P. & Scholz, H. Namibia, (2006). Resistance of Echinochloa colona to ACCase inhibiting herbicides. Herrera K; Lorence DH; Flynn T; Balick MJ, 2010. Common name: Jungle Rice Latin name: Echinochloa Colona L. Family: Poaceae Life Cycle: Annual Type: Grass Description: Summer annual grassy weed that can grow up to 1 m tall in un-mowed areas or can spread in a weakly erect fashion in mowed areas.Often hard to distinguish from other species in the Echinochloa genus, including Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa … 41 (2), 201-206. Flora und Fauna der Comoren: 428-480. de Cordemoy, E.J. Bulletin of Entomology (New Delhi), 27(1):41-43. The preference of green leafhopper Nephotettix nigropictus Stsl to some weeds and rice variety TN 1. Italy, Screening of selected crop plants and weeds against the root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus indicus. Peyre de Fabregues, B. Singh RA; Misra AP, 1978. Guantes MM; Mercado BL, 1975. & Huber, O. E. colona, a C4 plant, is highly polymorphic. Virginia, The world's worst weeds. Türkiye Herboloji Dergisi. E. colona tends to be mainly a weed of rain-fed rice (van de Goor, 1950; Mohamed Ali and Sankaran, 1984). Riches CR; Caseley JC; Valverde BE; Down VM, 1996. E. colona is a cosmopolitan weed common in crops (mainly rice, maize and vegetables), gardens, roadsides, disturbed sites, waste areas and pastures. Mukhopadhyay et al. Karthikeyan, S., Jain, S.K., Nayar, M.P.