3.1.3.2 Systems and processes . As seen in the chart to the right, rare-earth elements are found on earth at similar concentrations to many common transition metals. It occurs through processes such as king tides, storm surges, wind waves and swell waves. Most magma does not extrude onto Earth's surface but cools slowly deep inside Earth. Sediment sources, cells and budgets. Sources of energy in coastal environments: winds, waves (constructive and destructive), currents and tides. Low energy and high energy coasts. Coastal erosion is a natural process where sediment is removed from beaches and cliffs and is transported by currents. Petroleum (/ p ə ˈ t r oʊ l i ə m /), also known as crude oil and oil, is a naturally occurring, yellowish-black liquid found in geological formations beneath the Earth's surface. The concepts of landform and landscape and how related landforms combine to form characteristic landscapes. This magma seeps into crevices in existing rock to form intrusive igneous rocks. The most abundant rare-earth element is cerium, which is actually the 25th most abundant element in Earth's crust, having 68 parts per million (about as common as copper).The exception is the highly unstable and radioactive promethium "rare earth" is quite scarce. The development of coastal areas by humans can exacerbate the effects of coastal erosion. It is commonly refined into various types of fuels.Components of petroleum are separated using a technique called fractional distillation, i.e. Monitoring levels of gas around the volcano, such as radon and sulphur gases, are also used as these are often released before volcanic activity.Thermal heat sensors can be utilised to detect changes in the surface temperature of the volcano.As magma rises, this causes an increase in the surface temperature of the volcano.As magma rises, this can cause small earthquakes. For more information, click here. Experts provide a graphic illustration of this process and explain the types and textures of rocks such as granite, obsidian, and quartz.
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